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What is the Fourth Way
To understand the Fourth Way, you must first understand what came before it. The First Way is to seek happiness in your own life by pursuing pleasure and avoiding pain. This can be effective for individuals, but as more people pursue this goal, they end up competing with each other and fighting over scarce resources. Inevitably some people will have more than others and many will have too little.
The Second Way is to seek happiness in your own life by pursuing achievement and avoiding failure. This can be effective for individuals, but as more people pursue this goal, they end up competing with each other and fighting over scarce resources.
The Third Way is to seek happiness in your own life by pursuing social status and avoiding shame. This can be effective for individuals, but as more people pursue this goal, they end up competing with each other and fighting over scarce resources. Inevitably some people will have more than others.
The Fourth Way is to seek happiness in your own life by pursuing knowledge and avoiding ignorance. This can be effective for individuals, but as more people pursue this goal, they end up competing with each other and fighting over scarce resources.
The Second Way is not effective because people compete with each other over scarce resources. The Third Way is not effective because people compete with each other over scarce resources. The Fourth Way is not effective because people compete with each other over scarce resources. These are all the same way, just different ways of saying the same thing: People pursue material wealth as a source of happiness.
Material wealth is not a source of happiness because it is scarce. In fact, material scarcity is the cause of all conflict and suffering in human society. To understand why this is so, imagine what would happen if we lived in a world where there was no scarcity.