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Tell me about elementary particles.
In physics, an elementary particle or fundamental particle is a subatomic particle with no subparticles, which cannot be divided without changing the type of the particle. Known elementary particles include the electron, quarks (the constituents of hadrons), and other matter particles such as neutrinos.
Elementary particles are not known to be composed of other particles and are believed to be the most basic objects in existence. They have various properties, including mass, charge, spin, and an intrinsic angular momentum (spin). Elementary particles can combine to form composite particles such as atoms or molecules.
The standard model of particle physics is the theoretical framework describing all elementary particles and their interactions. It synthesizes and generalizes the results of many experiments.
The Standard Model of particle physics contains 12 elementary particles: 6 quarks and 6 leptons. The three lightest quarks are the up (u), down (d) and strange (s) respectively, while the six lightest leptons are the electron (e-), muon(μ- ), tau (-),and their respective neutrinos.
The Standard Model also contains 12 fundamental forces: the gravitational force, electromagnetic force, weak interaction, strong nuclear force and 8 gluon fields.
The data from these experiments are interpreted as signs of only three fundamental forces: