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Consider: What are "Mathematical Statistics" and why are they useful in modelling reality?
Consider: What are 'Mathematical Statistics' and why are they useful in modelling reality?
Mathematical statistics is a method of modelling reality which deals with probability distributions and sets. It examines the distribution of certain properties within a population, such as weight or height between all members, and can then examine data to ascertain the likelihood that one person in this population has any particular property.
It is useful in modelling reality because it can be used to make statements about the real world, which are often very difficult for humans to ascertain or work out.
For example, the average height of all members of a society can be calculated using statistics. If you look at the distribution of heights in that population, it may appear to have an even spread. However, if you examine individual cases within that population and find out how many people there are who are exactly 1m tall or 2m tall etc., then it becomes clear that there is a tendency for most people to be similar heights.
Again, if you examine the distribution of wealth in society (e.g. all the people and how much money they have), it may appear that there is a spread; however, if you look at individual cases within that population and see how many people there are who have exactly $100 or $10k etc., then it becomes clear that most people don't differ by huge amounts.
In each of these cases, you can find out things about the population using statistics, which humans cannot easily observe. This is particularly true when it comes to imprecise concepts like 'wealth' or 'height'. They are very difficult for humans to measure and compare between people.